Military flags are a significant representation of a country’s defense force. Every aspect, from the colors to the symbols, holds a significant meaning. The significance of colors and symbols may vary among different countries, but it is essential to understand what each emblem represents. The flags are visible symbols of national pride and heritage, and their colors and symbols have been an inspiration for art and design. In this article, we will dive into the colors and symbols on military flags and their significance.
Colors on Military Flags
The colors on military flags hold significant meaning and symbolism. Red, for example, is often associated with courage, strength, and sacrifice. It can represent the blood spilled in battle or a call to action. Blue, on the other hand, can signify loyalty, justice, and wisdom. It may also represent the sky or sea, both of which are significant in military operations. White is often associated with purity, innocence, and peace, while green can symbolize growth, hope, and youthfulness. Yellow and gold can represent honor and generosity, while black may signify death or mourning. Purple is often used to indicate royalty or regalness, and orange can signify courage and energy. Each color holds significant meaning and helps to communicate the values and ideals of the military. To learn more about military flags, check out Role of Military Flags in Modern Warfare.
Red
is one of the most commonly used colors on military flags and represents hardiness, valor, and bravery. It is a color that catches the eye and commands attention. The color red has long been associated with danger and passion, which makes it a fitting color for military flags. In many cultures, red is also a symbol of blood, which is why it is used on military flags to represent the blood that is shed in battle.
Many military flags use red in their design, including the flag of the United States Marine Corps, which features a red background and the Marine Corps emblem in gold. The red in the flag represents the blood shed by Marines throughout history. The flag of the Soviet Union, which featured a red background with a hammer and sickle in yellow, is also a famous example of red being used on a military flag.
The color red is also used in combination with other colors to create different meanings. For example, red and white together is a symbol of Japan’s naval power, while red and yellow can represent fire and the heat of battle. Red, white, and blue are common colors used together on military flags to represent patriotism and national pride.
In addition to its symbolic meanings, the color red has also been found to have psychological effects. Studies have shown that red can increase heart rate and blood pressure, which can lead to feelings of excitement and intensity. This makes it an ideal color to use on military flags, as it can help boost morale and inspire troops to fight with courage and determination.
The color red has played an important role in the design and meaning of military flags throughout history. Its powerful symbolism and psychological effects make it a popular choice among military organizations around the world. If you want to learn more about the evolution of military flags, you can follow this link.
Blue
is a popular color on military flags. It often symbolizes loyalty, justice, and perseverance. Blue is also associated with the sky and the sea, representing strength and stability. This color can be seen on many flags around the world, including the American flag, which features a blue field with 50 white stars. The British Union Jack also includes blue segments and is a symbol of their naval power.
In some cultures, blue is also a symbol of mourning and remembrance. For example, the Israeli flag features a blue Star of David on a white background, which represents the Holocaust. It serves as a poignant reminder of the tragedies of the past.
Blue is sometimes used to represent technology and modernity. Many military organizations use blue on their flags to indicate their technological prowess and innovation. This is especially true in the air force, where blue is often the dominant color on their flags.
Some of the most famous military flags that feature blue include the US Air Force flag, the French Infantry flag, and the flag of the United Nations Peacekeeping Forces. Each of these flags has a unique design and specific meaning behind their use of blue that makes them stand out.
Blue plays an important role on military flags around the world. It represents a variety of important values and has been used in many different contexts throughout history. Whether it is used as a symbol of mourning or in recognition of technological advancement, blue is a powerful and significant color in military flag design. To learn more about famous military flags and their significance, check out famous battles flags.
White
on military flags is usually associated with purity, innocence, and peace. It is often used as the background color for national flags, representing the nation’s desire for peace and unity. In some military flags, white is also associated with surrender, as waving a white flag signifies giving up and surrendering to the enemy.
White is a popular color for military flags as it stands out prominently, making it easy to identify the flag from a distance. It also adds brightness and clarity when paired with other colors, and makes the other colors more noticeable. The United States Coast Guard flag, for example, has a white field with a dark blue anchor and a red “U.S. Coast Guard” inscription. The white field makes the anchor and wording more visible, even from a great distance.
In some cases, white may represent a specific branch of the military or their uniform. The color white on the United States Navy flag, for example, represents the enlisted sailors who wear white uniforms during ceremonies and official events.
With such diverse meanings, white can represent different things on military flags depending on the context and design. However, it remains a popular color choice among military flag designers for its versatile symbolism and aesthetic appeal.
To learn more about the history and significance of military flags, check out our article on Historical Figures and Their Military Flags.
Green
is another color that is often found in military flags. Typically, the color green represents growth, hope, and in some cases, safety. However, on military flags, the color green is often used to represent the earth or the surrounding environment. This symbolizes the military’s responsibility to protect the environment as well as the land they defend. In many cases, the color green is combined with brown to represent the earth and is often used in camouflage patterns for military uniforms and gear.
One common symbol seen in military flags that prominently features the color green is the olive branch. The olive branch has been used as a symbol of peace and victory since ancient times, and has been used in military flags throughout history. The United States Army, for example, has an official flag that features an olive branch below a white star and the letters “USA.”
Another symbol seen in green on military flags is the oak tree. Oaks are strong, resilient trees that can survive through challenging conditions. The oak tree is often used to represent strength and endurance. The United States Marine Corps uses an official flag that features an eagle, globe, and anchor, with an oak tree in the background. This signifies the Corps’ readiness to defend the United States, no matter what challenges they may face.
In addition to being used in military flags, the color green is also often used as a symbol of support for the military. Many individuals wear green ribbons or clothing to show their support and solidarity with military service members and their families. Green is also used in many military flags designed to inspire and motivate troops, as it represents the military’s commitment to protecting the environment and its people.
The color green has significant importance in military flags, representing the Earth and surrounding environment, strength, and even peace. Its use in military flags and symbols serves as a reminder of the military’s responsibility to protect the world we live in, as well as the people who inhabit it.
Yellow and Gold
are also important colors in military flags. They symbolize valor, bravery, and achievement in the face of adversity. Gold is often associated with the highest level of achievement in military service, such as receiving the Medal of Honor or achieving the rank of General or Admiral. Yellow, on the other hand, is frequently used to represent courage and loyalty.
In some military flags, yellow and gold are combined with other colors such as red, black, or white, to create a more complex symbolism. For example, the flag of the United States Army combines these colors with white, black, and red to represent the core values of loyalty, bravery, and purity.
In addition to their symbolic significance, yellow and gold can also be used for identification purposes. In military operations, the use of yellow and gold flags can signal the presence of a high-ranking officer or unit, helping to distinguish them from other groups.
When designing military flags, it is important to keep in mind the symbolism of colors like yellow and gold. By understanding these meanings, designers can create flags that not only look impressive, but also accurately represent the values and achievements of military units. Additionally, military flag design should adhere to strict protocol and etiquette to show proper respect for the valor and sacrifices of military personnel.
Black
is a powerful color often seen on military flags. It can represent a number of different things depending on the culture and context. In western cultures, black is often associated with death, mourning, and funerals. This makes it an appropriate choice for flags that represent fallen soldiers or military units that have suffered losses. It may also be used to symbolize the darkness and danger of warfare.
On the other hand, black can also be seen as a symbol of strength, power, and authority. In some cultures, black is associated with mystery and secrecy, which makes it an appropriate choice for military intelligence units. It may also be used to represent military branches or units with a reputation for being particularly skilled and powerful.
The color black can sometimes be used to create a sense of contrast on military flags. For example, a flag with a black background and white text or images can be easily spotted from a distance, making it an effective way to communicate important messages or commands on the battlefield.
The use of black on military flags is complex and multifaceted. Its symbolism depends on a variety of factors such as cultural context, historical significance, and the specific unit or branch that the flag represents.
Purple
Purple is a color that is not often seen on military flags, but when it is used, it holds a significant meaning. In many cultures, purple is associated with royalty, power, and wealth, and these meanings are often reflected in military contexts as well.
One of the most notable examples of purple on military flags is the Purple Heart, which is a decoration awarded to members of the US military who have been wounded or killed in action. The Purple Heart was first introduced in 1932 and is still awarded today.
Another example of purple on military flags is in the Royal Air Force Ensign of the United Kingdom. This flag features a purple circle in the center, which represents the roundels that are found on the wings of Royal Air Force aircraft. The purple color in this context represents royalty and also distinguishes the Royal Air Force from other branches of the British military.
In addition to these examples, there are also several other military flags that use purple as a secondary color. For example, the flag of the 4th Infantry Division of the US Army features a purple color band, which represents a combination of the blue and red colors also found on the flag. This color combination represents the division’s motto of “Steadfast and Loyal.”
While purple may not be the most common color on military flags, it is still a color that holds significant meaning in many military contexts. Whether representing royalty, power, or wounded service members, purple is a color that carries weight and importance in the world of military symbolism.
Orange
Orange is a color that stands out and catches the eye, making it a popular choice for military flags. This color is often used to represent values such as courage, energy, and enthusiasm. Here are some examples of how orange is used on military flags:
Military Branch | Country | Meaning |
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United States Army Signal Corps | United States | The orange color symbolizes the courage and sacrifice of the soldiers of the Signal Corps. |
Irish Army Reserve | Ireland | The orange color represents the heritage of Protestant Irish who fought against the British in the 17th and 18th centuries. |
Kuwait Air Force | Kuwait | The orange color represents the desert and the courage of the pilots who fly over it. |
As seen in the examples above, orange is often used to represent courage and bravery. Its bold and vibrant appearance makes it a popular choice for drawing attention to military flags. Whether it’s in the form of stripes, stars, or other symbols, orange is a versatile color that can convey a number of different meanings depending on the context in which it is used.
Symbols on Military Flags
Military flags are adorned with numerous symbols that hold great meaning and significance. Perhaps the most recognizable symbol on military flags is the eagle. Eagles are a symbol of strength, courage, and freedom. They represent the power of the military and embody the ideals of victory and conquest. Another common symbol found on military flags is the lion. Lions are often depicted as standing tall and proud, representing bravery, nobility, and regal power. Other symbols found on military flags include dragons, which are a symbol of strength, wisdom, and leadership, and wolves, which represent loyalty, teamwork, and perseverance. Swords are also commonly depicted on military flags, representing authority, justice, and valor, while shields represent protection and defense. Anchors symbolize hope, stability, and steadfastness while stars represent honor, guidance, and greatness. Flags themselves are symbols of patriotism and national pride, while colored fields often represent specific units or branches of the military. Each symbol on a military flag holds a unique meaning and serves as a powerful reminder of the bravery, sacrifice, and strength of those who serve.
Eagles
Eagles have been a popular symbol in military flags throughout history due to their perceived strength, courage, and freedom. This majestic bird represents superiority and its keen eyesight, power, and speed makes it a perfect symbol for military units.
In fact, the bald eagle is the national bird and symbol of the United States and can be seen on several American military flags, including the Great Seal of the United States. The eagle holds thirteen arrows in one talon and an olive branch in the other, symbolizing the nation’s power and desire for peace.
Similarly, the Roman Empire used the eagle as their emblem, which stood for strength, courage, and victory. The eagle was seen as the king of birds and served as a symbol of authority. The Roman legionary eagle, or aquila, was carried into battle as a sign of the loyalty and strength of the legion. Losing the eagle was considered a terrible dishonor and defeat.
Eagles also feature in the military flags of several other countries, including Mexico, Egypt, Germany, Poland, and Russia. Mexico’s coat of arms features a golden eagle perched atop a cactus devouring a snake, symbolizing the triumph of good over evil.
Eagles have been an important symbol of military power, strength, and victory throughout history. Their majestic and powerful qualities make them the perfect emblem for military units and nations.
Lions
Lions are a common symbol on military flags due to their reputation as strong and courageous animals. The lion symbolizes bravery, fearlessness, and pride. It is often used as a symbol of royalty and nobility as well.
In medieval Europe, it was common for knights and lords to incorporate lions into their coats of arms and military banners. The lion was seen as a mark of distinction and conveyed bravery and honor.
One example of a military flag with a lion emblem is the flag of Sri Lanka. The flag features a lion holding a sword in its right paw, which symbolizes the country’s independence and sovereignty. The lion also represents the Sinhalese ethnicity, the majority group in Sri Lanka.
Another example is the Royal Banner of Scotland, also known as the Lion Rampant. This flag features a yellow lion standing upright on a red background. The flag is considered a royal symbol and is only flown by the monarch, making it a highly prestigious emblem.
In Africa, lions are often used as symbols of valor and strength. Many African countries have lion emblems on their military flags including Ethiopia, Tunisia, and Uganda.
The lion is a powerful symbol and captures the essence of strength, courage, and nobility. Its presence on military flags is a testament to its enduring cultural significance and the shared values of military personnel across the world.
Dragons
Dragons have always played a significant role in mythology and folklore around the world. Just like in legends, dragons on military flags often represent strength, power, and courage. In fact, dragons are frequently used as symbols of royalty and imperial authority.
One such example is the Welsh flag, which features a red dragon in the center. The dragon on the Welsh flag represents the Welsh people’s national identity and their bravery in battle. Another dragon used on military flags is the Chinese dragon, which is a symbol of the Emperor’s power and authority. The Chinese frequently use dragons on their banners, and often use them in combination with other symbols to strengthen their meaning.
In some Western cultures, dragons are associated with evil and are used as a warning to enemies. For example, the dragon on the flag of Saint George is shown as being defeated by the knight in the famous legend. In this way, the dragon serves as a symbol of vanquished evil, and the knight as a symbol of righteousness.
Dragons on military flags represent different meanings depending on the culture and time period. They can symbolize power, courage, and authority, or serve as warnings to enemies. Regardless of their interpretation, dragons have always been considered to be fierce and formidable creatures on the battlefield.
Wolves
Wolves have been an enduring symbol of military strength and cunning since ancient times. They are pack animals that rely on each other for survival, and their ability to work together as a team has made them an inspiration to warriors throughout history. In military flags, wolves are often depicted in fierce or majestic poses, their jaws open and teeth bared. The color of the wolf on a flag can also have meaning, with black wolves often symbolizing death or destruction, and white wolves seen as symbols of purity or nobility.
Wolves are often associated with the qualities of bravery and loyalty, as these are traits that are inherent to their pack mentality. They have a well-developed sense of hierarchy and work together to protect their group, demonstrating the importance of teamwork and camaraderie on the battlefield. In some cultures, the howl of a wolf is seen as a signal of impending danger, making wolves a fitting symbol of vigilance and readiness.
In addition to their use on military flags, wolves have also been used as mascots and symbols for individual units within the military. Some units even adopt the wolf as a nickname, signifying their connection with the animal’s qualities of strength and teamwork.
Wolves are a powerful and inspiring symbol on military flags, representing the qualities of strength, loyalty, and teamwork that are crucial to success on the battlefield. Their presence on a flag can serve as a reminder to soldiers of the importance of working together to achieve their goals, and of the strength that can be found in unity.
Swords
Swords have been an essential part of military history since ancient times. They have become an important symbol on military flags for their representation of military might and the willingness to defend one’s country. Let’s take a closer look at some of the military flags that feature swords and what they represent:
Flag | Description |
---|---|
Swords of Sanghelios | The Swords of Sanghelios is a faction in the Halo universe. Their flag features two crossed swords and represents the unity and resolve of the Sangheili people. |
Kurdish Military Flag | The Kurdish Military Flag features a yellow sun with 21 rays on a red background. The sun represents light, truth, and freedom, while the two crossed swords represent the struggle for independence. |
Jordanian Military Flag | The Jordanian Military Flag features a red triangle on the left side with a white seven-pointed star, and a sword with the Arabic inscription for “The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan” on the right side. The sword represents strength and bravery. |
Pakistani Military Flag | The Pakistani Military Flag features a crescent and star on a green background with a vertical white stripe on the left side and a sword on the right side. The sword represents the defense of the country’s sovereignty. |
Swiss Guard Flag | The Swiss Guard Flag features the coat of arms of the Pope, with two crossed swords below. The swords represent the protection of the Pope. |
These are just a few examples of military flags that feature swords. The sword is a powerful symbol that represents strength, bravery, and the defense of one’s country. It’s no wonder that it has become a popular symbol in military heraldry.
Shields
are one of the most common symbols found on military flags. Historically, shields were used as a form of protection for soldiers in battle. Today, they are still used to represent defense, protection, and strength. The shape of the shield also holds symbolic meaning. A shield with a pointed bottom is called “heater-shaped” and is often associated with the Knights of the Crusades. A shield with a flat bottom is called “kite-shaped” and is sometimes used in military flags to denote airborne units.
The emblem that is displayed on the shield is also significant. For example, an American eagle can represent the strength and power of the United States military. A lion on a shield can signify courage and bravery. A pair of crossed swords on a shield can indicate readiness for battle.
The colors of a shield can also have symbolic meaning on military flags. Gold or yellow represent honor and loyalty, while red can signify bravery and sacrifice. Blue can denote stability and trust, while green can represent growth and harmony.
The use of a shield on a military flag signifies the importance of defense and protection, as well as the strength and power of the military unit it represents.
Anchors
Anchors are a common symbol found on military flags that are often associated with naval forces. The anchor represents stability, strength, and the ability to hold steadfast in rough waters. It is a symbol of tradition and experience, as well as a sign of hope for a safe return from challenging missions.
During naval battles, the anchor would serve as a crucial device for a ship’s survival and ability to maneuver in the open sea. It would be used to hold the ship in place, secure it to the harbor, or simply as a form of ballast to keep the ship balanced. The anchor has become synonymous with naval power, control, and resilience.
Anchor symbols can be found on flags of various nations, including the United States, Great Britain, and Canada and are often depicted in a bold and commanding manner. The U.S. Navy’s emblem, which includes an eagle perched atop an anchor, surmounted by a ship’s wheel, represents the Navy’s commitment to strength, freedom, and protection while sailing through the roughest seas.
The anchor and its use as a symbol on military flags is not limited to the navy only. The Royal Marines, part of the British Armed Forces, also use the anchor as part of their emblem. The emblem shows two fouled anchors, surmounted by the Crown and flanked by a lion and a naval crown. The anchor signifies the Royal Marines’ connection to the navy, their tradition, and their partnership in maritime operations.
Anchors are a powerful symbol on military flags, representing maritime strength, stability, and historical tradition. They can be found on flags of different nations and branches of the military, and their meaning varies depending on the context in which they are used. But, overall, the anchor is a symbol of hope, resilience, and the ability to stay strong even in the roughest of waters.
Stars
Stars on military flags are a common symbol that represents a range of concepts, including honor, glory, and courage. Depending on the flag’s design, stars can also represent the number of states or territories in the country or military unit’s jurisdiction or the rank of the commanding officer.
The number of stars on a flag can vary from as few as one to as many as fifty, depending on the flag’s purpose. For example, the American flag has fifty stars to represent the fifty states in the United States. The stars on the flag of the United States are also arranged in a specific pattern to represent a constellation of stars known as the “Star Spangled Banner.”
In addition to representing the number of states, stars can also symbolize the rank of an officer. A general may have stars on their uniform or flag to denote their status, with a higher rank typically equating to more stars. Alternatively, stars may be included on a flag to represent the number of battles or achievements for which an individual or unit has been recognized.
It’s also worth noting that stars aren’t always used as the primary symbol on military flags. They can also be included alongside other symbols, such as the American flag’s combination of stars and stripes. In some cases, the stars may be arranged in a pattern that reinforces the flag’s symbolism, such as a cluster or constellation to represent the unity and strength of a group.
Stars are a versatile and widely used symbol on military flags. Whether they represent the number of states or territories, an officer’s rank, or a unit’s achievements, stars serve as a powerful visual representation of the concepts and ideals that shape military culture.
Flags
are an integral part of military culture and symbolism. Every unit has its own flag, which serves as a symbol of identity, pride, and honor. Military flags come in different shapes and sizes, and they carry unique designs and colors that reflect the history and traditions of the unit.
One of the most recognizable military flags is the US national flag, which has 50 white stars against a blue field, and red and white stripes. The national flag is a symbol of the nation’s unity, strength, and commitment to freedom and democracy. It is often displayed alongside military flags and is an important element of military protocol.
Other countries have their own unique flags that symbolize their national identity and values. For example, the flag of the UK, also known as the Union Jack, is composed of the flags of England, Scotland, and Ireland, which reflect the unity of the UK. Similarly, the flags of France, Germany, Russia, and China have their own unique designs that reflect their culture and history.
In addition to national flags, military units have their own flags that represent their identity and values. These flags often incorporate the unit’s motto, emblem, or insignia. For example, the flag of the US Marine Corps has an eagle, globe, and anchor emblem that represents the Corps’ commitment to honor, courage, and commitment.
Military flags are not only symbols of identity and pride, but they also serve as signals for communication and command. Military units use flags to convey orders and to coordinate maneuvers. The colors and designs of military flags have specific meanings that convey important messages to those who see them.
Flags are an essential part of military symbolism and culture. They serve not only as symbols of identity and pride, but also as signals for communication and command. The colors and designs of military flags carry important meanings that reflect the history, traditions, and values of the military unit and the nation.
Colored fields
on military flags hold significant meaning and symbolism. These fields are the background colors upon which symbols and emblems are displayed. Different colors symbolize distinct things, and their use on flags varies from country to country.
Some of the common colors used in colored fields on military flags and their significance include red, which stands for bravery and valor on the battlefield. It represents the zeal with which soldiers fight for their country. Blue, on the other hand, is often used to denote loyalty, authority, and trustworthiness. It has been known to represent the skies, seas, and rivers which need to be crossed when fighting a battle.
Another color widely used on military flags is white. It is used to represent purity, innocence, and peace. It is used on the flags of countries that have paid a heavy toll in wars and have had to rebuild their nations. Green is used to symbolize hope, growth, and vitality. It is often seen on the flags of military units tasked with rebuilding or re-establishing peace in war-torn regions.
Yellow and gold are the colors used to represent nobility, wealth, and prosperity. They represent the achievements and accomplishments of the soldiers who have fought for their country. Black, on the other hand, is used to represent death, mourning, and grief. It is often seen on the flags of units that have suffered great losses in battles or wars.
Purple is the color of royalty, luxury, and valor. It is used on the flags of military units tasked with protecting the sovereignty and honor of their country. Finally, orange is the color of courage, sacrifice, and endurance. It is often used on the flags of military units that have demonstrated tremendous bravery and courage in the face of danger.
The colored fields on military flags are an integral part of the overall symbolism conveyed by such flags. Each color used on military flags has its own unique meaning and significance, and they all play a crucial role in communicating the values, ideals, and aspirations of the nation and its military forces.
Conclusion
Conclusion:
In conclusion, military flags have a significant meaning and tell a story about the country they represent and the values they uphold. The colors and symbols on military flags are carefully chosen, each carrying a unique meaning. Understanding the symbolism behind military flags can help us better appreciate the sacrifice and dedication of military personnel and their service to their country.
In terms of colors, red is often associated with courage and sacrifice, blue with loyalty, white with purity and innocence, green with hope and growth, yellow and gold with achievement and honor, black with mourning and strength, purple with royalty and honor, and orange with courage and endurance.
When it comes to symbols on military flags, eagles represent strength and freedom, lions symbolize bravery and valor, dragons represent power and wisdom, wolves represent loyalty and the warrior spirit, swords represent readiness and the willingness to fight, shields represent protection and defense, anchors represent stability and hope, stars represent aspiration and guidance, flags represent identity and sovereignty, and colored fields represent unity and diversity.
Overall, military flags serve as powerful symbols of national pride and identity. They represent the country’s rich history and culture, telling a story of sacrifice, bravery, courage, and honor. The importance of these symbols should not be understated as they serve as a reminder of those who have fought and given their all for their country.
Frequently Asked Questions
What do the colors on military flags represent?
The colors on military flags have symbolic meanings such as bravery, purity, peace, vigilance, sacrifice, and power. Different countries or military branches have different meanings assigned to each color.
What is the significance of the color red on military flags?
Red signifies bravery, strength, and valor. It is also a symbol of bloodshed and sacrifice.
What does blue represent on military flags?
Blue represents loyalty, justice, and vigilance. It is often associated with the sky and sea.
What is the meaning of white on military flags?
White represents purity, innocence, and peace. It is also a symbol of surrender.
Why is green used on military flags?
Green symbolizes hope, renewal, and life. It can also represent vegetation and nature.
What does the color yellow or gold signify on military flags?
Yellow or gold represents power, achievement, and honor. It can also signify wealth and prosperity.
What is the significance of black on military flags?
Black is often used as a symbol of mourning and death. It can also represent power and authority.
Why is purple used on military flags?
Purple is a symbol of royalty and dignity. It is often used for highest honors and awards.
What is the meaning of the color orange on military flags?
Orange represents courage, enthusiasm, and endurance. It can also symbolize fire and determination.
What are some common symbols found on military flags?
Common symbols on military flags include eagles, lions, dragons, swords, shields, anchors, stars, flags, and colored fields. Each symbol has its own historical and cultural significance.